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Huangming shilu 皇明実録 Beyond these islands, the vast expanse of sea is open for any nation both Chinese and other barbarians to voyage.

“皇明実録 Huangming shilu”

“皇明実録 (Huangming shilu)” which means the Veritable Annals of the Ming dynasty is an official collection of chronologically arranged primary sources from the Ming court, the activities of Ming emperors, addresses the throne and others.

Transcriptions of the records can be found in the National Archives of Japan.

The image of “皇明実録 Huangming shilu” underneath was taken by Yasuhisa Akazome at the National Archives of Japan.

 

An associate professor of Nagasaki Junshin Catholic University, Nozomu Ishwi found a record in the annals dating from August 1617, which describes the arrest and interrogation of 明石道友 (Akashi Doyu), a Japanese envoy from Nagasaki, by 韓仲雍 (Han Zhongyong), the Prosecutor General of the Chinese Admiralty Board in Fujian.

The description was in the volume No. 560 of “神宗顯皇帝實錄 (Shenzong Xian huangdi shilu)”  

507-明神宗显皇帝实录卷之五百六十

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Original Chinese

迄南而爲臺山、爲礵山、爲東湧、爲烏坵、爲彭湖、爲彭山、

皆是我閩門庭之内、豈容汝­­渉一跡。

此外溟渤、華夷所共。

 

【Simplified Chinese】

迤南而为台山、为礵山、为东涌、为乌丘、为彭湖、为彭山

皆我闽门庭之内、岂容汝涉一迹。

此外溟渤、华夷所共。

 

 

【English】

There are islands to the South, the Taisha Islands(臺山), the Four Shuang Islands(礵山), the Dongyin Islands(東湧), the Wuqiuyu Islets(烏坵), the Penghu Islands(彭湖), and the South Penghu Islands(彭山),

all are in the front yard of Fujian. How can I allow you in the area?

Beyond these islands, however, the vast expanse of sea is open for any nation both Chinese and other barbarians to do as they like.

 

 

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According to the record, a Chinese local government official met a Japanese envoy and mentioned the names of islands, including one (東湧 Dongyin, approximately 40km away from the Chinese coast) on the eastern edge of the Matsu Islands (馬祖列島), that was controlled by the Ming and said the ocean beyond the islands was free for China and any other nation to navigate.

Ming had effective control only of the coastal area.

Ming recognized the East China Sea as out of its boundary.

 

 

此外溟渤、華夷所共

In the time of Ming dynasty (Aug 1617), a Chinese local government official (director of coast defenses) told a Japanese envoy (Akashi Doyu, who was then arrested by Ming) that the Ming's effective control ends in Matsu Islands, and the outer ocean is all free to voyage.

While Akashi was interrogated by the director, the director pointed at one of the islets of Matsu (東湧 Dongyin, the eastern end of Matsu Islands, app. 40km away from the China mainland) on a map, and said the waters outer than this islet is where “both Chinese and Barbarians (foreigners) can freely (use)”. This is an interrogation record, in Ming's official daily reports “Huangming (or Daming) Shilu”.

And please note that 明石道友 (Akashi Doyu) was a Japanese envoy from Nagasaki.

 

The ocean area under the Ming dynasty's control ended with the Matsu Islands (馬祖列島)

The Senkaku Islands, including Uotsurijima Island, are about 330 kilometers from the Chinese coast.

 

 

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以上の英訳については、主に石井望氏の著作を参考にした。

 

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翻訳文の引用・転載はご自由に。引用元・転載元だけ明記ください。

Feel free to copy and reprint but please just specify an origin of quotation.

Wherever there is a human being, there is an opportunity for a kindness. 引用・転載はご自由に。ただし、引用元・転載元だけ明記ください。 Feel free to copy and reprint but please just specify an origin of quotation.